Educational Strategies for Training Bone Marrow Aspiration from the Sternum in Dogs to Undergraduate Students

Hoda Elkhenany; Nermeen Eldebany; Samir Nouh; Mostafa Gamal; Eman S. Ali1; Maria George; Irini Monir; Ramadan Abdel-Wahed; Mahmoud El-Kammar; Ahmed Korittum; Howaida Abu-Ahmed; Mostafa Kassem; Asmaa Elsayed; Mostafa Mohamed; Samy Khalil

doi:10.5455/ajvs.105079

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Original Article
Online Published: 20 Apr 2022

AJVS. 2022; 73(1): 97-100

doi: 10.5455/ajvs.105079

Educational Strategies for Training Bone Marrow Aspiration from the Sternum in Dogs to Undergraduate Students

Hoda Elkhenany, Nermeen Eldebany, Samir Nouh, Mostafa Gamal, Eman S. Ali1, Maria George, Irini Monir, Ramadan Abdel-wahed, Mahmoud El-kammar, Ahmed Korittum, Howaida Abu-ahmed, Mostafa Kassem, Asmaa Elsayed, Mostafa Mohamed, Samy Khalil.

Abstract
Advanced diagnostic technologies such as ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) could not provide any information about the sternebrae cortex thickness and medullary cavity dimensions. Herein, we aim to provide relevant anatomy of the sternum and more sophisticated measurements to ensure safe needle insertion during bone marrow aspiration in dogs.
This study revealed that the space between skin and cortex measures an average of 0.8 cm, which increases towards the xiphoid, as shown by ultrasound. Meanwhile, the sagittal section of the sternum showed that the cortex measured as thin as one millimeter. The medullary space of sternebrae 2nd – 7th was 1.5 cm2, while the manubrium measured 3.8 cm2.
In conclusion, knowing the exact sternebrae dimensions helped the students to master the bone marrow aspiration technique and become sensitive to needle advancement once it reaches the cortex.

Key words: Bone marrow aspiration, sternum, Ultrasound guide, gross anatomy

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How to Cite this Article

Pubmed Style

Elkhenany H, Eldebany N, Nouh S, Gamal M, Ali ES, George M, Monir I, Abdel-wahed R, El-kammar M, Korittum A, Abu-ahmed H, Kassem M, Elsayed A, Mohamed M, Khalil S. Educational Strategies for Training Bone Marrow Aspiration from the Sternum in Dogs to Undergraduate Students. AJVS. 2022; 73(1): 97-100. doi:10.5455/ajvs.105079

Web Style

Elkhenany H, Eldebany N, Nouh S, Gamal M, Ali ES, George M, Monir I, Abdel-wahed R, El-kammar M, Korittum A, Abu-ahmed H, Kassem M, Elsayed A, Mohamed M, Khalil S. Educational Strategies for Training Bone Marrow Aspiration from the Sternum in Dogs to Undergraduate Students. https://www.alexjvs.com/?mno=105079 [Access: May 03, 2025]. doi:10.5455/ajvs.105079

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Elkhenany H, Eldebany N, Nouh S, Gamal M, Ali ES, George M, Monir I, Abdel-wahed R, El-kammar M, Korittum A, Abu-ahmed H, Kassem M, Elsayed A, Mohamed M, Khalil S. Educational Strategies for Training Bone Marrow Aspiration from the Sternum in Dogs to Undergraduate Students. AJVS. 2022; 73(1): 97-100. doi:10.5455/ajvs.105079

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Elkhenany H, Eldebany N, Nouh S, Gamal M, Ali ES, George M, Monir I, Abdel-wahed R, El-kammar M, Korittum A, Abu-ahmed H, Kassem M, Elsayed A, Mohamed M, Khalil S. Educational Strategies for Training Bone Marrow Aspiration from the Sternum in Dogs to Undergraduate Students. AJVS. (2022), [cited May 03, 2025]; 73(1): 97-100. doi:10.5455/ajvs.105079

Harvard Style

Elkhenany, H., Eldebany, . N., Nouh, . S., Gamal, . M., Ali, . E. S., George, . M., Monir, . I., Abdel-wahed, . R., El-kammar, . M., Korittum, . A., Abu-ahmed, . H., Kassem, . M., Elsayed, . A., Mohamed, . M. & Khalil, . S. (2022) Educational Strategies for Training Bone Marrow Aspiration from the Sternum in Dogs to Undergraduate Students. AJVS, 73 (1), 97-100. doi:10.5455/ajvs.105079

Turabian Style

Elkhenany, Hoda, Nermeen Eldebany, Samir Nouh, Mostafa Gamal, Eman S. Ali, Maria George, Irini Monir, Ramadan Abdel-wahed, Mahmoud El-kammar, Ahmed Korittum, Howaida Abu-ahmed, Mostafa Kassem, Asmaa Elsayed, Mostafa Mohamed, and Samy Khalil. 2022. Educational Strategies for Training Bone Marrow Aspiration from the Sternum in Dogs to Undergraduate Students. Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 73 (1), 97-100. doi:10.5455/ajvs.105079

Chicago Style

Elkhenany, Hoda, Nermeen Eldebany, Samir Nouh, Mostafa Gamal, Eman S. Ali, Maria George, Irini Monir, Ramadan Abdel-wahed, Mahmoud El-kammar, Ahmed Korittum, Howaida Abu-ahmed, Mostafa Kassem, Asmaa Elsayed, Mostafa Mohamed, and Samy Khalil. "Educational Strategies for Training Bone Marrow Aspiration from the Sternum in Dogs to Undergraduate Students." Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 73 (2022), 97-100. doi:10.5455/ajvs.105079

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Elkhenany, Hoda, Nermeen Eldebany, Samir Nouh, Mostafa Gamal, Eman S. Ali, Maria George, Irini Monir, Ramadan Abdel-wahed, Mahmoud El-kammar, Ahmed Korittum, Howaida Abu-ahmed, Mostafa Kassem, Asmaa Elsayed, Mostafa Mohamed, and Samy Khalil. "Educational Strategies for Training Bone Marrow Aspiration from the Sternum in Dogs to Undergraduate Students." Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 73.1 (2022), 97-100. Print. doi:10.5455/ajvs.105079

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

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