Abstract
A total of One hundred samples of raw milk including (50 of cow’s milk and 50 of buffalo’s milk) were collected randomly from groceries and supermarkets at local markets in Alexandria Governorate for evaluation of chemical, sanitary and microbiological evaluation. Chemical evaluation of examined raw cow’s and buffalo’s milk samples revealed that the mean values of fat content, protein content, lactose content, solid not fat content and minerals content were (3.57±0.17, 5.5±0.17) (3.8±0.30, 4.03±0.2), (4.5±0.47, 4.9±0.21) (8.91±0.13, 8.9±0.15), (0.50±0.08, 0.74±0.04), respectively. Sanitary evaluation of examined cow’s and buffalo’s milk samples revealed that the mean values of titratable acidity and pH were (0.16± 0.04, 0.17±0.04) and (6.66 ± 0.07, 6.57± 0.08) respectively. Microbiological evaluation of examined raw cow’s and buffalo’s milk samples revealed that the mean values of TBC were 2.6x105 ± 0.2x105and 3.2x105±0.2x105 while the mean value total Coliforms count were (4.12x 104± 0.3x 104) (4.18x104 ± 0.3x104) respectively. On the other hands, the mean values of faecal Coliforms were 3.1x104 ± 0.2x104 and 2.7x104 ± 0.3x104 respectively. Percentage of isolated Coliforms organisms were citrobacter diversus (14.5,18%) citrobacter freundii (16.4,14%), Enterobacter aerogenes (18.2, 20%) Enterobacter cloacae (14.5, 12%) and E. coli (36.4, 36%) in examined cow’s and buffalo’s samples respectively. Mean value Staphylococcus aureus were 3.0x103± 0.3x103 and 3.4x102 ± 0.2x103 in both type examined samples respectively. Mean values of Enterococci count were 0.9x103 ± 0.1x102 and 1.5x102 ± 0.09x103, respectively. Incidence percent of yeast count was 20% in both types of examined milk while percent of mould count were 24 and 20% in examined milk samples, respectively. Public health significance of different microbial contamination, as well as the recommended hygienic measures for production of high-quality raw milk, were discussed.

Key words: Raw milk, Chemical composition, TBC, Faecal Coliforms., Enterococci, Yeast, and mould