E-ISSN 2536-9520 | ISSN 1110-2047
 
2026, Vol: 90
90Current Volume Online First Archive Aims and Scope Abstracting & Indexing Most Accessed Articles Most Downloaded Articles Most Cited Articles

Original Article
Online Published: 25 Apr 2026
 


Harnessing Coral Oil as Sustainable Adjuvant for FMD Virus Vaccine Development in Egypt

Hadeer S. Amin, Gaber F. El-bagoury, Hiam M. Fakhry, Ayman S. El-habbaa.


Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease continues to pose a significant threat to live stock health and the agriculture economy in Egypt. Strengthening the efficacy of inactivated FMD vaccine is essential and the choice of adjuvant plays a vital role in modulating both humoral and cellular immune response. This study evaluates coral oil as a novel adjuvant for FMD vaccine formulation. The immunogenicity, safety and stability of coral oil based vaccine were assessed in comparison of Montanide oil adjuvant. Cattle vaccinated with the coral oil adjuvant formulation were monitored for both humoral immunity measured by ELISA and virus neutralization test. The Coral oil formulation elicited strong antibody production with maintaining a favorable safety profile and minimal injection site reaction. These findings highlight coral oil as a promising adjuvant candidate for improving the quality and effectiveness of FMD vaccine in Egypt . Further field trials are recommended to validate large-scale applicability and long term immune protection.

Key words: FMDV, adjuvant, Coral oil , ELISA ,SNT


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Amin HS, El-bagoury GF, Fakhry HM, El-habbaa AS. Harnessing Coral Oil as Sustainable Adjuvant for FMD Virus Vaccine Development in Egypt. AJVS. 2026; 90(0): 32-39. doi:10.5455/ajvs.317331

Web Style

Amin HS, El-bagoury GF, Fakhry HM, El-habbaa AS. Harnessing Coral Oil as Sustainable Adjuvant for FMD Virus Vaccine Development in Egypt. https://www.alexjvs.com/?mno=317331 [Access: July 27, 2026]. doi:10.5455/ajvs.317331

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Amin HS, El-bagoury GF, Fakhry HM, El-habbaa AS. Harnessing Coral Oil as Sustainable Adjuvant for FMD Virus Vaccine Development in Egypt. AJVS. 2026; 90(0): 32-39. doi:10.5455/ajvs.317331


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Amin HS, El-bagoury GF, Fakhry HM, El-habbaa AS. Harnessing Coral Oil as Sustainable Adjuvant for FMD Virus Vaccine Development in Egypt. AJVS. (2026), [cited July 27, 2026]; 90(0): 32-39. doi:10.5455/ajvs.317331


Harvard Style

Amin, H. S., El-bagoury, . G. F., Fakhry, . H. M. & El-habbaa, . A. S. (2026) Harnessing Coral Oil as Sustainable Adjuvant for FMD Virus Vaccine Development in Egypt. AJVS, 90 (0), 32-39. doi:10.5455/ajvs.317331


Turabian Style

Amin, Hadeer S., Gaber F. El-bagoury, Hiam M. Fakhry, and Ayman S. El-habbaa. 2026. Harnessing Coral Oil as Sustainable Adjuvant for FMD Virus Vaccine Development in Egypt. Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 90 (0), 32-39. doi:10.5455/ajvs.317331


Chicago Style

Amin, Hadeer S., Gaber F. El-bagoury, Hiam M. Fakhry, and Ayman S. El-habbaa. "Harnessing Coral Oil as Sustainable Adjuvant for FMD Virus Vaccine Development in Egypt." Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 90 (2026), 32-39. doi:10.5455/ajvs.317331


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Amin, Hadeer S., Gaber F. El-bagoury, Hiam M. Fakhry, and Ayman S. El-habbaa. "Harnessing Coral Oil as Sustainable Adjuvant for FMD Virus Vaccine Development in Egypt." Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 90.0 (2026), 32-39. Print. doi:10.5455/ajvs.317331


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Amin, H. S., El-bagoury, . G. F., Fakhry, . H. M. & El-habbaa, . A. S. (2026) Harnessing Coral Oil as Sustainable Adjuvant for FMD Virus Vaccine Development in Egypt. Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 90 (0), 32-39. doi:10.5455/ajvs.317331




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    About Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences

    The Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences (AJVS) Official Journal of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University   ISSN: 1110-204 ... Read more.



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    Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
    Alexandria University
    P.O.: 21944
    Abees 10th district, Alexandria
    Egypt.

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