Abstract
Chronic lead exposure is one of the most deleterious problems occur from drinking, ingestion, inhaling of lead particles causing a cumulative phenomenon for all live species. Alpha-linolenic acid is one of omega-3 members are used nowadays for its great antioxidant and anti-inflammatory role in many body organs. Eighty (80) male albino rats were randomly and equally divided into four groups: control group (n=20), lead group (n=20) orally treated with lead acetate (100 mg/Kg body weight) dissolved in distilled water, α–linolenic acid group (n=20) orally treated with α–linolenic acid (500 µg/Kg body weight) and lastly, α–linolenic acid+lead group (n=20) orally treated with lead acetate (100 mg/Kg body weight) and alpha-linolenic acid (500 µg/Kg body weight) for 8 weeks. Blood samples were collected from control group and treated groups at the end of 8th week post treatment for hematological evaluation and estimation of serum biochemistry, oxidant and antioxidant parameters. Our hematological findings from lead acetate treated rats were a significant decrease in erythrocyte count, Hb, PCV, MCHC, TLC and lymphocyte count with a significant increase in MCV revealing a macrocytic hypochromic anemia. Alpha-linolenic acid treatment with lead can improve the deleterious effects of lead over the blood picture via increasing the erythrocyte count, Hb, PCV, MCHC value, TLC and lymphocyte count. Our serum ALT, AST and CK activities, cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine and urea levels show a significant elevation in lead acetate treated group with significant reduction found in glucose level than control group. Alpha-linolenic acid treatment with lead simultaneously can alleviate the reaction of lead acetate over the serum parameters. The oxidative stress role of lead acetate treatment in our study reflected by marked elevation of lipid peroxidation in serum with a significant reduction of SOD, NO and GSH levels. The antioxidant power of α–linolenic acid to diminish the grave effects of lead via decreasing the level of MDA with increasing SOD, NO and GSH levels.
In conclusion, the deteriorated effects of inflammatory and oxidative stress from chronic lead exposure could be diminished by simultaneous α–linolenic acid administration.

Key words: Hematology, Serum Chemistry, Oxidant and Antioxidant, Neurotoxicity, Lead Acetate, α-Linolenic Acid.