Abstract
Acetamiprid is a neoncotinoid insecticide that acts as agonist to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor used as insecticide in crops and control fleas on dogs and cats. The objective of this study was to evaluate the acetamiprid toxicity of oral administered on the reproductive system, to assess the role of oxidative stress inducing damage to the testes in male rats. The low dose equal 1/4 of LD50 and high dose equal 1/2 of LD50. Doses of acetamiprid adjusted according to rat's body weights. The results revealed that acetamiprid at high dose significantly (P<0.05) increased thiobabituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) resulting in significantly (P<0.05) decrease reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) in testes homogenate. Also, administratim of acetamiprid significantly increased catalase while, there was insignificant change in superoxide dismutase (SOD). Acetamiprid at low and high doses significantly (P<0.05) decreased plasma testosterone level, sperm count, viability, motility, fructose level, and significantly (P<0.05) increased abnormal sperms, altered acrosome and abnormal DNA. Acetamiprid induce oxidative stress leading to decrease antioxidant enzymes and damage sertoil cells resulting in decreasing testosterone level and affect on fertility. Moreover the histological investigation revealed that exposure to acetamiprid disorganized stratification of spermatogonia, primary and secondary spermatocytes in some tubules sheeding of sperm cells into lumina, necrosis in tubules and reduction of the primary and secondary spermatids. In conclusion, it seems that acetamiprid induces adverse effect at high dose level but the low dose level may not and short term exposure make adverse effect. So, it can recommend using this insecticide as long as the recommended dose.

Key words: Acetamiprid, oxidative stress, testes, histology