E-ISSN 2536-9520 | ISSN 1110-2047
 
2025, Vol: 85
85Current Volume Online First Archive Aims and Scope Abstracting & Indexing Most Accessed Articles Most Downloaded Articles Most Cited Articles

Review Article 


A review: Multiple Sclerosis Treatment: Current Strategies and Future Hopes

Ashraf A. Shamaa, Ahmed N. Abdallah, Mohamed M. Bahr, Omar S. El-tookhy.


Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease which influences the neurons of the central nervous system by chronic demyelination. The immune system attacks the myelin sheath and the oligodendrocyte leading to oligodendroglial cells loss, glial scarring and the remyelination stops setting off irreversible damage. The MS is classified into 4 categories: Relapsing–remitting which is considered the most common (about 85% of cases), Secondary progressive, Primary progressive and Progressive-relapsing. The treatment of MS with disease-modifying agents aims to shorten the duration of acute relapses and decreasing relapses frequency. Until now, no curative FDA-approved therapies exist, but there are 8 FDA-approved therapeutic agents able to reduce the disease progression in the relapsing forms of MS. The available therapies are immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory drugs which preclude or delay MS progression. Regenerative medicine via MSCs could play an important role in regeneration a damaged neural tissue as MSCs not only have ability for neurogeneration but also have immunoregulative function which can control and treat MS. Exosomes derived from MSCs offer a good alternative surpassing the possible drawbacks of using MSCs such as tumorigenicity and immune rejection.

Key words: MS-treatments, regenerative-drugs, MSCs, exosomes.


 
ARTICLE TOOLS
Abstract
PDF Fulltext
How to cite this articleHow to cite this article
Citation Tools
Related Records
 Articles by Ashraf A. Shamaa
Articles by Ahmed N. Abdallah
Articles by Mohamed M. Bahr
Articles by Omar S. El-Tookhy
on Google
on Google Scholar


How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Shamaa AA, Abdallah AN, Bahr MM, El-tookhy OS. A review: Multiple Sclerosis Treatment: Current Strategies and Future Hopes. AJVS. 2020; 66(2): 30-39. doi:10.5455/ajvs.125962

Web Style

Shamaa AA, Abdallah AN, Bahr MM, El-tookhy OS. A review: Multiple Sclerosis Treatment: Current Strategies and Future Hopes. https://www.alexjvs.com/?mno=125962 [Access: March 25, 2025]. doi:10.5455/ajvs.125962

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Shamaa AA, Abdallah AN, Bahr MM, El-tookhy OS. A review: Multiple Sclerosis Treatment: Current Strategies and Future Hopes. AJVS. 2020; 66(2): 30-39. doi:10.5455/ajvs.125962


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Shamaa AA, Abdallah AN, Bahr MM, El-tookhy OS. A review: Multiple Sclerosis Treatment: Current Strategies and Future Hopes. AJVS. (2020), [cited March 25, 2025]; 66(2): 30-39. doi:10.5455/ajvs.125962


Harvard Style

Shamaa, A. A., Abdallah, . A. N., Bahr, . M. M. & El-tookhy, . O. S. (2020) A review: Multiple Sclerosis Treatment: Current Strategies and Future Hopes. AJVS, 66 (2), 30-39. doi:10.5455/ajvs.125962


Turabian Style

Shamaa, Ashraf A., Ahmed N. Abdallah, Mohamed M. Bahr, and Omar S. El-tookhy. 2020. A review: Multiple Sclerosis Treatment: Current Strategies and Future Hopes. Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 66 (2), 30-39. doi:10.5455/ajvs.125962


Chicago Style

Shamaa, Ashraf A., Ahmed N. Abdallah, Mohamed M. Bahr, and Omar S. El-tookhy. "A review: Multiple Sclerosis Treatment: Current Strategies and Future Hopes." Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 66 (2020), 30-39. doi:10.5455/ajvs.125962


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Shamaa, Ashraf A., Ahmed N. Abdallah, Mohamed M. Bahr, and Omar S. El-tookhy. "A review: Multiple Sclerosis Treatment: Current Strategies and Future Hopes." Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 66.2 (2020), 30-39. Print. doi:10.5455/ajvs.125962


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Shamaa, A. A., Abdallah, . A. N., Bahr, . M. M. & El-tookhy, . O. S. (2020) A review: Multiple Sclerosis Treatment: Current Strategies and Future Hopes. Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 66 (2), 30-39. doi:10.5455/ajvs.125962




Most Viewed Articles
Most Accessed Articles

  • Assessment of The Efficiency of Some Chemical Disinfectants Used in poultry Farms Against Coccidiosis
    Hamed Abdel tawab Samaha, Yasser Nasr Haggag, Mohammed Al sayed Nossair, Heba Mohammed Habib
    AJVS. 2013; 39(1): 82-90
    » Abstract

  • Physiological and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in the Freshwater Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L., exposed to sublethal doses of cadmium
    Ahmed M. EL-Gazzar, Khalid E. Ashry, Yasser S. El-Sayed
    AJVS. 2014; 40(1): 29-43
    » Abstract » doi: 10.5455/ajvs.48333

  • Influence of Combined Administration of Turmeric and Black seed on Selected Biochemical Parameters of Diabetic Rats
    Sabry M. El-Bahr, Nabil M. Taha, Mahdy A. Korshom, Abd EL-Wahab A. Mandour, Mohamed A. Lebda
    AJVS. 2014; 41(1): 19-27
    » Abstract » doi: 10.5455/ajvs.154650

  • Molecular Characterization of Listeria Species Isolated from Frozen Fish
    Gaber S. Abdellrazeq, Ayman M. Kamar, Samya M. El-Houshy
    AJVS. 2014; 40(1): 1-15
    » Abstract » doi: 10.5455/ajvs.45443

  • Growth Performance, Blood Parameters, Immune response and Carcass Traits of Broiler Chicks Fed on Graded Levels of Wheat Instead of Corn without or With Enzyme Supplementation
    Mohamed I. El-Katcha, Mosaad A. Soltan, Hany F. El-Kanwy, EL-syaed R. kawarie
    AJVS. 2014; 40(1): 95-111
    » Abstract » doi: 10.5455/ajvs.48232

    •
    Most Downloaded
    Top Downloaded Articles

  • Comparative Study of Cellular and Humoral Immune Response to BHV-1 Vaccines in Cattle and Buffalo Calves
    Fayrouz S. Naim; Samy A. Khalil and Helmy A. Torky
    AJVS. 2016; 51(2): 367-373
    » Abstract

  • Effect of Excess Fluoride on Reproductive Potentials in Farm Animals (Ovine)
    Ghada H. Abdel-Rahman, Hanaa A. El-Hallawany, Dohreig RA.
    AJVS. 2018; 57(2): 41-57
    » Abstract » doi: 10.5455/ajvs.296364

  • Growth Performance, Blood Parameters, Immune response and Carcass Traits of Broiler Chicks Fed on Graded Levels of Wheat Instead of Corn without or With Enzyme Supplementation
    Mohamed I. El-Katcha, Mosaad A. Soltan, Hany F. El-Kanwy, EL-syaed R. kawarie
    AJVS. 2014; 40(1): 95-111
    » Abstract » doi: 10.5455/ajvs.48232

  • Physiological and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in the Freshwater Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L., exposed to sublethal doses of cadmium
    Ahmed M. EL-Gazzar, Khalid E. Ashry, Yasser S. El-Sayed
    AJVS. 2014; 40(1): 29-43
    » Abstract » doi: 10.5455/ajvs.48333

  • Using of Polypropylene Mesh for Hernioplasty in Calves
    Mostafa M. kassam, Mahmoud H. Elkammer, Ahmed S. Korittum, Ali A. Abdel-Wahed
    AJVS. 2014; 40(1): 112-117
    » Abstract » doi: 10.5455/ajvs.47290

    •
    Most Cited Articles
    Most Cited Articles

    About Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences

    The Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences (AJVS) Official Journal of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University   ISSN: 1110 ... Read more.



    For best results, please use Internet Explorer or Google Chrome.

    Contact Information

    Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
    Alexandria University
    P.O.: 21944
    Abees 10th district, Alexandria
    Egypt.

    email: ajvs@alexu.edu.eg
    POLICIES & JOURNAL LINKS
    Author Login
    Reviewer Login
    About Publisher
    Advertising Policy
    Author's Rights and Obligations
    Conflict of Interest Policy
    Copyright Information
    Digital Archiving & Preservation Policies
    Editorial Policies
    Peer Review Policy
    Editorial & Peer Review Process
    License Information
    Open Access Policy
    Plagiarism Policy
    Privacy Policy
    Protection of Research Participants (Statement On Human And Animal Rights)
    Publication Ethics and Publication Malpractice Statement
    Corrections, Retractions & Expressions of Concern
    Self-Archiving Policies
    Statement of Informed Consent
    Terms of Use