Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate and compare both humoral and cellular immune response elicited by BHV-1 modified live and inactivated vaccines in cattle and buffalo calves. Sixteen cattle and buffalo calves (Age of 9-12 month) were used in the current study. The animals were allotted into 2 groups. Group 1 of six calves (3 cattle calves and 3 buffalo calves) was vaccinated with inactivated intramuscular BHV-1 vaccine at two doses with two weeks interval. While group 2 of ten calves (5 cattle calves and 5 buffalo calves), was vaccinated with only one dose of modified live intranasal BHV-1vaccine. The cellular response was evaluated using IFN-γ test in plasma of cattle and buffalo calves of group one (Vaccinated with Inactivated BHV-1 vaccine) at zero, first, second and fourth week post-vaccination. The results revealed that IFN-γ level was significantly higher in cattle calves in comparison to buffalo calves at the second week post-vaccination. IFN-γ level wasn’t significantly increased in cattle calves in comparison with buffalo calves at first week post-vaccination. Although, there was no significance difference at zero and fourth weeks post-vaccination. The humoral response to BHV-1 vaccines was evaluated using serum neutralization test and ELISA at 0,1,2,3,4,8, and week 9 post-vaccination in group one and at 0,1,2 and week 4 post-vaccination in group two. The Abs Titers to BHV-1 vaccines were significantly higher in cattle calves in comparison to buffalo calves by SNT and ELISA at 3, 4, 8, and week 9 post-vaccination in group1and at 1, 2, 3, and week 4 post-vaccination in group 2. As a conclusion, cellular immune response to inactivated BHV-1 vaccine and humoral immune response to modified live and inactivated BHV-1 vaccines was significantly higher in cattle calves than buffalo calves.

Key words: BHV-1 vaccines, IFN-γ, Cattle, Buffalo.