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2025, Vol: 87
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Original Article 


Impact of Chemical Water Pollutants on Broiler Performance Parameters and Antibiotic Efficacy: An Experimental Study on TDS, Hardness, Chlorides, Nitrites, and Sulphates

Nehad, A. Saleh, Warda K. Awad, Mousa, A. Ayoub, Mohammed A. Nossair.


Abstract
This study investigated the effects of elevated levels of chemical water pollutants on broiler performance parameters and the therapeutic efficacy of norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin antibiotics. A total of 308 one-day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were randomly distributed into 12 experimental groups, exposed to varying concentrations of total dissolved solids (TDS: 1560 mg/L), hardness (960 mg/L), chlorides (640 mg/L), nitrites (0.1269 mg/L), and sulphates (877 mg/L) in drinking water, with and without Custovac® water stabilizer treatment. Performance parameters including body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were monitored for 5 weeks. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was employed to determine peak serum concentrations (Cmax) of antibiotics. Results revealed that nitrites significantly improved final body weight (2287.50±41.02 g) and BWG (1756.75±30.97 g) with the best FCR (1.78±0.03) among all treatments. Water hardness with Custovac® treatment also showed favorable performance outcomes. Antibiotic efficacy was notably affected by water quality, with chloride contamination showing the highest norfloxacin Cmax (570.414 ppb) while sulphate contamination demonstrated the lowest (16.38 ppb). Ciprofloxacin concentrations remained relatively stable across treatments (10.94-14.31 ppb). These findings highlight the critical importance of water quality management in poultry production and its significant impact on antibiotic therapeutic outcomes, suggesting that water treatment strategies should be integral components of broiler health management protocols.

Key words: Water quality, broiler performance, antibiotic efficacy, TDS, water hardness, nitrites, HPLC analysis, poultry production, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Nehad, Saleh A, Awad WK, Mousa , Ayoub A, Nossair MA. Impact of Chemical Water Pollutants on Broiler Performance Parameters and Antibiotic Efficacy: An Experimental Study on TDS, Hardness, Chlorides, Nitrites, and Sulphates. AJVS. 2025; 87(0): 143-151. doi:10.5455/ajvs.279274

Web Style

Nehad, Saleh A, Awad WK, Mousa , Ayoub A, Nossair MA. Impact of Chemical Water Pollutants on Broiler Performance Parameters and Antibiotic Efficacy: An Experimental Study on TDS, Hardness, Chlorides, Nitrites, and Sulphates. https://www.alexjvs.com/?mno=279274 [Access: October 30, 2025]. doi:10.5455/ajvs.279274

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Nehad, Saleh A, Awad WK, Mousa , Ayoub A, Nossair MA. Impact of Chemical Water Pollutants on Broiler Performance Parameters and Antibiotic Efficacy: An Experimental Study on TDS, Hardness, Chlorides, Nitrites, and Sulphates. AJVS. 2025; 87(0): 143-151. doi:10.5455/ajvs.279274


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Nehad, Saleh A, Awad WK, Mousa , Ayoub A, Nossair MA. Impact of Chemical Water Pollutants on Broiler Performance Parameters and Antibiotic Efficacy: An Experimental Study on TDS, Hardness, Chlorides, Nitrites, and Sulphates. AJVS. (2025), [cited October 30, 2025]; 87(0): 143-151. doi:10.5455/ajvs.279274


Harvard Style

Nehad, Saleh, . A., Awad, . W. K., Mousa, ., Ayoub, . A. & Nossair, . M. A. (2025) Impact of Chemical Water Pollutants on Broiler Performance Parameters and Antibiotic Efficacy: An Experimental Study on TDS, Hardness, Chlorides, Nitrites, and Sulphates. AJVS, 87 (0), 143-151. doi:10.5455/ajvs.279274


Turabian Style

Nehad, A. Saleh, Warda K. Awad, Mousa, A. Ayoub, and Mohammed A. Nossair. 2025. Impact of Chemical Water Pollutants on Broiler Performance Parameters and Antibiotic Efficacy: An Experimental Study on TDS, Hardness, Chlorides, Nitrites, and Sulphates. Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 87 (0), 143-151. doi:10.5455/ajvs.279274


Chicago Style

Nehad, A. Saleh, Warda K. Awad, Mousa, A. Ayoub, and Mohammed A. Nossair. "Impact of Chemical Water Pollutants on Broiler Performance Parameters and Antibiotic Efficacy: An Experimental Study on TDS, Hardness, Chlorides, Nitrites, and Sulphates." Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 87 (2025), 143-151. doi:10.5455/ajvs.279274


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Nehad, A. Saleh, Warda K. Awad, Mousa, A. Ayoub, and Mohammed A. Nossair. "Impact of Chemical Water Pollutants on Broiler Performance Parameters and Antibiotic Efficacy: An Experimental Study on TDS, Hardness, Chlorides, Nitrites, and Sulphates." Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 87.0 (2025), 143-151. Print. doi:10.5455/ajvs.279274


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Nehad, Saleh, . A., Awad, . W. K., Mousa, ., Ayoub, . A. & Nossair, . M. A. (2025) Impact of Chemical Water Pollutants on Broiler Performance Parameters and Antibiotic Efficacy: An Experimental Study on TDS, Hardness, Chlorides, Nitrites, and Sulphates. Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 87 (0), 143-151. doi:10.5455/ajvs.279274




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    The Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences (AJVS) Official Journal of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University   ISSN: 1110-204 ... Read more.



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    Abees 10th district, Alexandria
    Egypt.

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