E-ISSN 2536-9520 | ISSN 1110-2047
 

Original Article
Online Published: 21 Nov 2025
 


Uterine and Umbilical Hemodynamic Changes Throughout Pregnancy and Early Post-parturient Period in Buffaloes

Shawky S. Ibraheim, Ahmed H. Mohamed El-anwar, Khaled M-e Ali, Mostafa S. Fadel Abdelkarim M. Abdelkarim.


Abstract
The use of Color Doppler Ultrasonography in monitoring uterine and umbilical hemodynamic changes throughout pregnancy and the early postpartum period in various animal species has attracted the attention of many investigators several years ago. Throughout pregnancy, the uterine vascular system, particularly the middle uterine artery, undergoes functional and structural changes to provide a sufficient blood supply to the growing fetus and placenta, thereby meeting the fetus's nutritional requirements. With the advancement of pregnancy, the need for oxygen and nutrient supply to the growing conceptus increases dramatically, reaching the maximum during the last trimester of pregnancy. Within the first few days after parturition, the blood flow of the uterus dramatically decreased, followed by a slightly decreased pattern until the resumption of ovarian activity. the non-invasive color Doppler technique is the most widely applied technique in studying blood flow within the middle uterine and umbilical arteries in human and animal reproduction. it is widely conducted in equines, cattle, buffaloes, and small ruminants as a safe and non-invasive tool for monitoring reproductive performance. Overall, this article reviews and emphasizes the clinical applicability of Doppler ultrasound in measuring the uterine and placental blood flow in buffaloes.

Key words: Color Doppler, Buffaloes, Puerperium, uterine blood flow, Umbilical blood flow.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Ibraheim SS, El-anwar AHM, Ali KM, . Uterine and Umbilical Hemodynamic Changes Throughout Pregnancy and Early Post-parturient Period in Buffaloes. AJVS. 2026; 88(0): 29-36. doi:10.5455/ajvs.288073


Web Style

Ibraheim SS, El-anwar AHM, Ali KM, . Uterine and Umbilical Hemodynamic Changes Throughout Pregnancy and Early Post-parturient Period in Buffaloes. https://www.alexjvs.com/?mno=288073 [Access: February 04, 2026]. doi:10.5455/ajvs.288073


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Ibraheim SS, El-anwar AHM, Ali KM, . Uterine and Umbilical Hemodynamic Changes Throughout Pregnancy and Early Post-parturient Period in Buffaloes. AJVS. 2026; 88(0): 29-36. doi:10.5455/ajvs.288073



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Ibraheim SS, El-anwar AHM, Ali KM, . Uterine and Umbilical Hemodynamic Changes Throughout Pregnancy and Early Post-parturient Period in Buffaloes. AJVS. (2026), [cited February 04, 2026]; 88(0): 29-36. doi:10.5455/ajvs.288073



Harvard Style

Ibraheim, S. S., El-anwar, . A. H. M., Ali, . K. M. & (2026) Uterine and Umbilical Hemodynamic Changes Throughout Pregnancy and Early Post-parturient Period in Buffaloes. AJVS, 88 (0), 29-36. doi:10.5455/ajvs.288073



Turabian Style

Ibraheim, Shawky S., Ahmed H. Mohamed El-anwar, Khaled M-e Ali, and Mostafa S. Fadel Abdelkarim M. Abdelkarim. 2026. Uterine and Umbilical Hemodynamic Changes Throughout Pregnancy and Early Post-parturient Period in Buffaloes. Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 88 (0), 29-36. doi:10.5455/ajvs.288073



Chicago Style

Ibraheim, Shawky S., Ahmed H. Mohamed El-anwar, Khaled M-e Ali, and Mostafa S. Fadel Abdelkarim M. Abdelkarim. "Uterine and Umbilical Hemodynamic Changes Throughout Pregnancy and Early Post-parturient Period in Buffaloes." Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 88 (2026), 29-36. doi:10.5455/ajvs.288073



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Ibraheim, Shawky S., Ahmed H. Mohamed El-anwar, Khaled M-e Ali, and Mostafa S. Fadel Abdelkarim M. Abdelkarim. "Uterine and Umbilical Hemodynamic Changes Throughout Pregnancy and Early Post-parturient Period in Buffaloes." Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 88.0 (2026), 29-36. Print. doi:10.5455/ajvs.288073



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Ibraheim, S. S., El-anwar, . A. H. M., Ali, . K. M. & (2026) Uterine and Umbilical Hemodynamic Changes Throughout Pregnancy and Early Post-parturient Period in Buffaloes. Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 88 (0), 29-36. doi:10.5455/ajvs.288073





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